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Moving to Ecuador
Located on South America’s west coast, Ecuador is a tropical paradise that attracts expats from around the world for various reasons, such as professional growth, retirement, education, or simply seeking a picturesque destination.
This comprehensive guide will provide essential information on how and why to move to Ecuador for permanent residency. Certainly, obtaining an Ecuadorian visa is a requirement for visiting Ecuador. The type of visa you need will depend on factors such as your nationality, the purpose of your visit, and how long you intend to stay.
Do I Need to Obtain a Visa to Move to Ecuador?
If your intention is to reside in Ecuador for more than three months (90 days), you must obtain a long-stay visa. The type of visa required depends on the purpose of your stay. Notably, former Ecuadorian citizens do not need a visa to return to Ecuador.
How Can I Move to Ecuador?
To establish long-term residency in Ecuador, you will need to apply for a temporary resident visa, which is granted to foreigners looking to live, study, work, or retire in the country.
- Moving to Ecuador to Work: If you have a job offer or employment contract with an Ecuadorian employer, you will need an Ecuador work visa. This visa allows a two-year stay, with the possibility of renewal. Remote workers can apply for a Digital Nomad Visa (Rentista Visa), also valid for two years.
- Moving to Ecuador to Study: If you plan to pursue an academic program in Ecuador, you need a student visa. Obtain a registration or admission certificate from a recognized educational institution to apply for this visa.
- Moving to Ecuador to Retire: Retirees with sufficient financial means can apply for a Jubilado Visa (Retirement Visa). Ensure you meet the eligibility criteria before applying. This visa allows you to bring your spouse and children and is initially valid for two years, with the option to apply for permanent residence thereafter.
Pros and Cons of Living in Ecuador
Pros |
Cons |
Healthcare: Ecuador boasts a universal healthcare system that provides quality services to all residents. It ranks among the world's most efficient healthcare systems. |
Underdeveloped Infrastructure: While major cities have good infrastructure, rural areas may lack development. |
Cost of Living: Ecuador offers lower living costs compared to many countries, with cities like Cuenca and Loja being particularly affordable. |
Natural Disasters: Ecuador's location in a seismically active area presents a risk of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. |
Housing: The Ecuadorian housing market is more affordable than many other countries, whether you're renting or buying property. |
Stray Dogs: Stray dogs are common in Ecuador, though they are generally friendly. |
Climate: Enjoy a warm and sunny climate year-round, with temperatures ranging from 26°C in summer to 23°C in winter. |
Language Barrier: Spanish is the official language, and few Ecuadorians speak English or other languages. Learning Spanish is essential for communication. |
Cuisine: Ecuador offers diverse cuisine with delicious traditional dishes, making it a food lover's paradise. |
Limited International Travel: Ecuadorian passport holders have limited visa-free travel options, requiring visas for most countries. |
People: Ecuadorians are known for their warmth and politeness. The local community is welcoming and interested in meeting people from other countries. |
How Can I Become a Permanent Resident of Ecuador?
To attain permanent residency in Ecuador, you must have resided in the country for at least 21 months under a temporary resident visa, which is initially valid for 24 months and can be extended if requirements are met.
Does Ecuador Allow Dual Citizenship?
Ecuador permits dual citizenship, as established in its 1995 Constitution. Individuals can maintain citizenship in Ecuador while holding citizenship in another country.
How Long Do I Need to Live in Ecuador to Obtain Citizenship?
Ecuadorian citizenship requires a minimum of 3 years as a permanent resident, totaling 5 years, including 2 years under temporary residence. This period is reduced to 2 years if married to an Ecuadorian citizen or having children with one.
Types of Visas
To become a resident of Ecuador, you must apply for one of the many residency visas offered by the country. Ecuador has liberal immigration policies, making it accessible for various purposes, including retirement, employment, or studying. Here are some common visa types:
- Retiree Visa (Pensionado): Requires a minimum income of $1,275 per month, plus $500 per dependent family member.
- Investor Visa (Inversionista): Requires a significant investment in Ecuador, typically around $42,500, along with a fixed monthly income.
- Professional Visa: For individuals with a 4-year degree who wish to develop their profession, technical activity, technological activity, or artisanal activity.
- Independent Income Visa (Rentista): For those with a stable source of income from abroad, such as pensions or rental income.
- Marriage or Dependent Visa (Amparo): For spouses, children, and other dependents of Ecuadorian residents or soon-to-be-married Ecuadorian citizens.
- Worker Visa (Trabajador): For those authorized to work in Ecuador in an employer-employee relationship.
- Scientist, Researcher, or Academic Visa: For specialists engaged in scientific activities or academic roles.
- Athlete, Artist, or Cultural Agent Visa: For individuals hired for athletic, artistic, or cultural activities.
- Religious Visa: For those engaging in religious activities.
- Volunteer Visa: For those providing voluntary services to the community.
- Student Visa: For students attending educational institutions in Ecuador.
- International Convention Visa: For individuals entering Ecuador under international conventions.
- International Protection Visa: For refugees, asylum seekers, or stateless persons.
- Digital Nomad Visa: For digital nomads with stable foreign income sources.
Requirements
Each visa type has specific requirements, but some general documents are essential:
- Birth certificate
- Cumulative certificate of citizenship, birth, family status, and residence
- Judicial Records Certificate
- Certified criminal records for all countries of residence in the past 5 years
- Documents apostilled for Ecuador
Specific visa types may require additional documentation, such as marriage certificates or proof of income. It's essential to work with an immigration lawyer to navigate the visa application process.
Can I Bring My Personal Belongings to Ecuador?
Yes, you can bring personal belongings to Ecuador. However, you must complete import taxes and duties. An exemption certificate for customs tariffs can exempt you from import taxes, allowing up to 200 kg of clothing, shoes, and personal accessories. Anything over 200 kg incurs taxes. Import taxes also apply to new items.
You can import various items, including clothing, shoes, accessories, household items, electrical items, art, antiques, religious materials, and more. Prohibited items include narcotics, alcohol, cigarettes, explosives, weapons, software, and psychotropic medicines.
Can I Move to Ecuador With Pets?
To bring pets to Ecuador:
- Your pet must have an ISO pet microchip.
- Rabies vaccination must be administered 21 days to 12 months before entering Ecuador.
- For pets from certain countries, a rabies titer test result is required.
- Obtain an import permit (not needed for land or in-cabin arrivals).
- Treat pets for ticks and tapeworms within 21 days of entering Ecuador.
- Notify the Ecuadorian Agency of Quality Assurance in Agriculture 73 hours prior to arrival to ensure a veterinarian is available.
Most Popular Areas for Expats in Ecuador
Cuenca
Cuenca, known for its low living costs, friendly locals, and stunning mountain views, is a favored destination for retirees. Its pleasant climate allows for year-round outdoor activities.
Quito
Quito, with its colorful history and scenic beauty, is South America's largest historical center. It offers diverse cuisine and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Intag Valley
Intag Valley appeals to nature lovers, offering rich biodiversity and a serene environment, despite higher living costs. Outdoor activities abound in this picturesque area.
Montanita
Montanita is renowned for its nightlife, delicious cuisine, and beautiful beach. It's a magnet for young, adventurous individuals, especially surf enthusiasts.
Galapagos Islands
The Galapagos Islands, famous for their unique wildlife and landscapes, are a dream for nature enthusiasts. With a tropical climate, they offer a serene paradise for those seeking a quieter life or adventure.
Moving to Ecuador presents a captivating blend of culture, natural beauty, and diverse opportunities for expatriates. Consider your priorities and visa requirements as you embark on your journey to this enchanting South American nation.